Right to Repair Laws by State: 2025 Complete Guide

For years, getting your phone, appliance, or tractor repaired meant one of two things: pay the manufacturer's authorized service center, or risk losing your warranty entirely. A growing wave of state legislation is changing that.

Right to Repair laws require manufacturers to provide consumers and independent repair shops with the parts, tools, software, and documentation needed to fix their own products. As of 2025, six states have enacted these laws, over 40 bills are active across at least 20 states, and the trend is accelerating.

Here's where things stand — and what it means for your warranty.

States With Enacted Right to Repair Laws (2025)

Oregon (Effective January 1, 2025)

Oregon's law is the most comprehensive consumer electronics Right to Repair law in the country. It covers smartphones, tablets, laptops, appliances, and most consumer products and requires:

• OEMs to provide parts, tools, and repair documentation to consumers and independent shops
• Fair and reasonable pricing for those resources
• A ban on parts pairing — the practice of requiring proprietary software authentication before a replacement part will function

The parts-pairing ban is a first in the nation. It directly targets tactics used by smartphone manufacturers that would cause replacement screens, cameras, or batteries to display warnings or function at reduced capacity unless "authenticated" by the manufacturer's server. Under Oregon law, your replacement part must work without that authentication.

*Coverage: Electronics, appliances, and most consumer products.*

California (Right to Repair Act — AB 1111)

California's law requires manufacturers of products that cost $50 or more to provide repair resources. The duration of that obligation depends on price:

• Products $50–$99.99: repair resources required for 3 years
• Products $100+: repair resources required for 7 years

The law covers a broad range of consumer electronics and appliances. California's market size makes this law particularly significant — manufacturers that comply with California standards typically extend those standards nationally.

*Coverage: Consumer electronics and appliances priced at $50+.*

Minnesota

Minnesota's Digital Fair Repair Act covers smartphones, tablets, and personal computers. It requires OEMs to make parts, tools, and documentation available to consumers and independent repair providers on fair and reasonable terms.

New York

New York's Digital Fair Repair Act, signed into law in December 2022 and effective July 2023, was one of the first enacted state laws. It covers electronic devices and requires manufacturers to provide diagnostic tools, parts, and documentation to independent repair shops and consumers.

Colorado

Colorado has passed two Right to Repair laws — one for agricultural equipment and one for powered wheelchairs. The agricultural equipment law has significant implications for farm equipment warranties and is a model being replicated in other farm-heavy states.

Washington

Washington Governor Bob Ferguson signed House Bill 1483 into law in May 2025, joining the group of states with enacted Right to Repair legislation covering consumer electronics.

States With Active 2025 Bills

As of early 2025, Right to Repair legislation has been introduced in at least 20 states including:

• Arizona, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Missouri, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, North Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Tennessee, Texas, Vermont, and Wisconsin

The momentum is significant: Right to Repair bills have now been introduced in all 50 states at some point, according to iFixit's tracking.

What These Laws Mean for Your Warranty

The connection between Right to Repair laws and warranties is direct. Here's how:

1. You can get repairs done independently without automatic warranty loss.

Under both federal law (Magnuson-Moss) and state Right to Repair laws, manufacturers cannot void your warranty simply because you used an independent repair shop or third-party parts. They can only deny coverage if they prove the independent repair caused the specific defect you're claiming.

2. Parts availability improves.

When manufacturers must provide parts to consumers and independent shops, you have more repair options. This means more competition, lower repair costs, and less pressure to accept manufacturer terms.

3. Parts pairing becomes illegal (where applicable).

Oregon's ban on parts pairing prevents manufacturers from using software locks to make independent repairs functionally inferior. If other states adopt similar provisions, this tactic becomes unenforceable across a large portion of the US population.

4. Repair documentation must be accessible.

Right to Repair laws require manufacturers to make service manuals, schematics, and diagnostic software available. This empowers both consumers and independent technicians.

What These Laws Do NOT Cover

Right to Repair laws have limits. They generally do not:

• Override safety standards — manufacturers can still restrict access to dangerous components
• Apply to all products in all states — coverage varies significantly by state and product category
• Prevent price gouging — while parts must be available, some laws only require "fair and reasonable" pricing without defining it
• Apply to trade secrets — manufacturers don't have to share proprietary formulas or core IP

How to Know If Your State Has a Law

Check the [Repair Association's state legislation tracker](https://www.repair.org/legislation) for current status of bills in your state. Laws are passing and being signed frequently in 2025.

Even in states without enacted laws, federal protections under the Magnuson-Moss Warranty Act still apply: manufacturers cannot void your full warranty simply because you sought independent service.

Practical Implications for Homeowners and Property Managers

If you own property in a state with Right to Repair legislation:

• You can use independent appliance repair services without automatically voiding manufacturer warranties
• You can buy third-party replacement parts for appliances and electronics without losing warranty protection on unrelated components
• You can access repair documentation — manuals, schematics — from manufacturers who might otherwise withhold it

For property managers responsible for appliances across multiple units, this is significant. Getting repairs done through manufacturer-authorized services can be 2–3x more expensive than independent alternatives. Right to Repair laws give you legal standing to use independent services without warranty retaliation.

Keeping Track of Warranties in a Right-to-Repair World

The expanded repair options these laws create make warranty records even more valuable. If you have an appliance repaired by an independent shop, you'll want documentation that:

• The repair was for a specific issue (not the current claim)
• The replacement parts used were appropriate for the application
• The work was completed by a qualified technician

SnapRegister stores your warranty documentation and lets you attach notes and service records to each product. When a warranty dispute arises, you'll have a complete timeline to present.

Summary

Right to Repair is no longer a fringe consumer advocacy issue — it's the law in six states and gaining traction in 20 more. For consumers, these laws mean more repair options, lower costs, and reduced ability for manufacturers to coerce you into expensive service channels by threatening your warranty.

If you're in a state with an enacted law, exercise those rights. And regardless of where you live, federal law already protects you from many of the most common warranty-voiding tactics manufacturers use.

Track all your warranties in one place so you're always ready to make a claim: [SnapRegister — free →](https://snapregisters.com/signup)

*Sources: [PIRG — Right to Repair](https://pirg.org/campaigns/right-to-repair/) | [iFixit — Right to Repair Laws](https://www.ifixit.com/News/108371/right-to-repair-laws-have-now-been-introduced-in-all-50-us-states) | [The Repair Association](https://www.repair.org/legislation) | [Oregon HB 2422](https://oregonlegislature.gov)*